yeah i guess to be clear there are two scenario's here
one is the pump fails completely and stops pumping fuel
in this case the engine would basically stall or cease acceleration and slowly come to a halt
the other scenario is the pump cannot keep up the required LP/H rate for the engine and the fuel flow rate, and pressure drop off or "lean"
this coupled with the engine being on full load, make stuff go bang. the engine slowly leans itself out, the exhaust temps would climb, the AF/Rs would continue to lean out
and eventually the engine would either blow valves, melt the exhaust, melt pistons etc and fail
this would have to occur over a period of sustained MAX load and it wouldnt just happening cruising along
ie it would have to be a good 1 to 2 minutes run at full song and a pump that cant keep up to cause this type of failure (i expect)
the last one is even more "variable" because is the pump failing, or are you expecting too much flow from it ?