Cant help you with much. But I would suggest vinnies or salvos store. (one on parramatta rd Ashfield. Just past bunnings is masive) not only do you get cheap stuff. Its helping out the charity too.
I just went through a similar situation as you early this year and thats what i did. Furnished a 1br apartment for $500ish (Sofa bed, bed frame (i had a mattress), coffee table, kitchen table/chairs, lamps, bed side table, chest of draws, washing machine).
Just remember to have a van or trailer as they wont sell big stuff too you unless you can take it right then and there.
PS. Sorry to hear about the bust up.